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Predictors of exposure, therapeutic and adverse effects of drugs used in the treatment of advanced breast cancer and advanced colorectal cancer.








Predictors of exposure, therapeutic and adverse effects of drugs used in the treatment of advanced breast cancer and advanced colorectal cancer.


Dr Ashley Mark Hopkins


Flinders University


National Breast Cancer Foundation (Australia) Postdoctoral Fellowship. No for commercial organisations will be involved in the funding of this project.


None


31 Oct 2017


Breast cancer and colorectal cancer are among the most commonly diagnosed cancers, with advanced disease being particularly difficult to treat. There have been a number of important advancements in the treatment of advanced breast and colorectal cancer in the last decade including the introduction of drugs targeting the Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (HER2), and drugs inhibiting the growth of new blood vessels. These medicines are ‘targeted therapeutics', but despite the term, response and toxicity to these medicines can be highly unpredictable. For example, over half the eligible patients do not respond to anti-HER2 targeted therapy. More research is required to confirm predictive markers with preliminary evidence (e.g. the level of exposure to the cancer medicine) and to identify additional predictive markers so that prediction performance may be improved. Furthermore, these targeted therapeutics are still commonly used in combination with chemotherapy. Despite being used for many decades, the ability to predict individuals at risk of severe toxicities resulting from chemotherapy (e.g. nerve and heart damage) is poor.

This project seeks to enable improved prediction of the therapeutic and adverse outcomes of patients using ‘targeted therapeutics' and associated chemotherapies in the treatment of advanced breast and advanced colorectal cancer. Being able to identify the expected prognosis and adverse effects may enable patients and clinicians to make better decisions regarding whether to commence, continue, discontinue or change dosing of these medicines.

Available data from patients using cancer medicines targeting blood vessel growth and HER2, and associated chemotherapies, for advanced breast and colorectal cancer will be analyzed to identify predictors of the most important adverse effects of each drug class, and predictors of therapeutic outcomes such as tumor shrinkage and survival. Examples of predictors to be explored include level of drug exposure, patient characteristics, laboratory and clinical factors, biomarkers, co-morbidities and concomitant medications.



[{ "PostingID": 1308, "Title": "ROCHE-AVF2119G", "Description": "A multicenter, open-label, phase III, randomized, active-controlled trial evaluating the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of rhuMAb VEGF (bevacizumab), in combination with capecitabine chemotherapy, in subjects with previously treated metastatic breast cancer" },{ "PostingID": 1309, "Title": "ROCHE-BO17708", "Description": "A randomized, double-blind study of the effect of first line treatment with Avastin (bevacizumab) in combination with docetaxel on progression-free survival and disease response in patients with HER2 negative metastatic breast cancer" },{ "PostingID": 1310, "Title": "ROCHE-AVF3694G", "Description": "A multicenter, phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy regimens in subjects with previously untreated metastatic breast cancer" },{ "PostingID": 1312, "Title": "ROCHE-AVF2107g", "Description": "A phase III, multicenter, randomized, active-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rhumab vegf (bevacizumab) in combination with standard chemotherapy in subjects with metastatic colorectal cancer" },{ "PostingID": 1313, "Title": "ROCHE-AVF2192g", "Description": "A phase II, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, active-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rhumab vegf (bevacizumab), a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody to vascular endothelial growth factor, in combination with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin chemotherapy in subjects with metastatic colorectal cancer who are not optimal candidates for first-line cpt-11" },{ "PostingID": 1316, "Title": "ROCHE-NO16966", "Description": "2 x 2 Factorial randomized phase III study of intermittent oral capecitabine in combination with intravenous oxaliplatin (q3w) (\"XELOX\") with/without intravenous bevacizumab (q3w) versus bolus and continuous infusion fluorouracil/intravenous leucovorin with intravenous oxaliplatin (q2w) (\"FOLFOX-4\") with/without intravenous bevacizumab (q2w) as first-line treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer." },{ "PostingID": 1340, "Title": "ROCHE-WO20698 (CLEOPATRA)", "Description": "A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Herceptin + docetaxel + pertuzumab versus Herceptin + docetaxel + placebo in previously untreated HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer" },{ "PostingID": 1364, "Title": "ROCHE-TDM4374g", "Description": "A Phase II, single-arm, open-label study, of Trastuzumab-MCC-DM1 adminstered intravenously to patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer" },{ "PostingID": 1365, "Title": "ROCHE-TDM4258g", "Description": "A phase II, single-arm, open-label study of Trastuzumab-MCC-DM1 administered intravenously to patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer who have progressed while receiving HER2-directed therapy" },{ "PostingID": 2547, "Title": "ROCHE-BO20231", "Description": "A Randomized, Open-label Study to Compare the Effect of First-line Treatment With Avastin in Combination With Herceptin/Docetaxel and Herceptin/Docetaxel Alone on Progression-free Survival in Patients With HER2 Positive Locally Recurrent or Metastatic Breast Cancer." },{ "PostingID": 2549, "Title": "ROCHE-AVF3693G", "Description": "A Phase III, Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Bevacizumab in Combination With Chemotherapy Regimens in Subjects With Previously Treated Metastatic Breast Cancer" },{ "PostingID": 2559, "Title": "ROCHE-AVF0780G", "Description": "Trial of rhuMAb VEGF Antibody Combined With 5 Fluourouracil and Leucovorin in Subjects With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Colorectal Cancer" },{ "PostingID": 2561, "Title": "ROCHE-NO16967", "Description": "A Randomized, Open-label Study of the Effect of Intermittent Xeloda Versus iv Fluorouracil/Leucovorin, Both in Combination With Eloxatin, on Tumor Progression in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Who Received Prior CPT-11 and 5-fluorouracil/Leucovorin" },{ "PostingID": 2572, "Title": "ROCHE-BO16934", "Description": "A randomized, open-label study of the effect of different doses of pertuzumab on treatment response in patients with metastatic breast cancer with low HER2 expression" },{ "PostingID": 2573, "Title": "ROCHE-BO21976", "Description": "A randomized, multicenter phase II study of the efficacy and safety of Trastuzumab-MCC-DM1 vs. Trastuzumab (Herceptin) and Docetaxel (Taxotere) in patients with metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer who have not received prior therapy for metastatic disease." },{ "PostingID": 2574, "Title": "ROCHE-BO21977", "Description": "A randomized, Multicenter, Phase III Open-Label study of the efficacy and safety of Trastuzumab-MCC-DM1 vs. Capecitabine + Lapatinib in patients with HER2-Positive locally advanced or metastic breast cancer who have received prior Trastuzumab-based therapy." },{ "PostingID": 3014, "Title": "ROCHE-MO18458", "Description": "A single arm study to assess the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab in combination with irinotecan and infusional 5-fluorouracil/folic acid regimens as first line treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer." },{ "PostingID": 3358, "Title": "ROCHE-BO16216", "Description": "A randomized, open-label study of the effect of Herceptin plus Arimidex compared with Arimidex alone on progression-free survival in patients with HER2-positive and hormone-receptor positive metastatic breast cancer" },{ "PostingID": 3359, "Title": "ROCHE-H0648G", "Description": "Chemotherapy and Antibody Response Evaluation (CARE): A phase III, multinational, randomized study of recombinant humanized anti-p185HER2 monoclonal antibody (rhuMAb HER2) combined with chemotherapy in patients with HER2 overexpression who have not received cytotoxic chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer." },{ "PostingID": 3360, "Title": "ROCHE-H0649G", "Description": "A multinational open-label study of recombinant humanized anti-p185HER2 monoclonal antibody (rhuMAb HER2) in patients with HER2lneu overexpression who have relapsed following one or two cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens for metastatic breast cancer." },{ "PostingID": 3362, "Title": "ROCHE-H0659G", "Description": "An open-label extension study with recombinant humanized anti-p185HER2 monoclonal antibody (rhuMAb HER2) for patients whose metastatic breast cancer progressed during treatment on protocol H0648g." },{ "PostingID": 3363, "Title": "ROCHE-H0693G", "Description": "A multicenter, expanded access, open-label safety study of recombinant humanized anti-p185HER2 monoclonal antibody (rhuMAb HER2) in patients with HER2 overexpression who relapsed following multiple cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens for metastatic breast cancer." },{ "PostingID": 3364, "Title": "ROCHE-M77001", "Description": "A Multicenter, Randomized Comparative Study on the Efficacy and Safety of Herceptin (Trastuzumab) Plus Docetaxel (Taxotere) Versus Docetaxel Alone as First Line Treatment in Patients with HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer" },{ "PostingID": 3365, "Title": "ROCHE-MO16419", "Description": "An open-label, randomized phase II study of Herceptin (trastuzumab), Taxotere (docetaxel) and Xeloda (capecitabine) in combination, versus Herceptin (trastuzumab) plus Taxotere (docetaxel), in patients with advanced and/or metastatic breast cancers that overexpress HER2." },{ "PostingID": 4148, "Title": "NOVARTIS-EGF100151", "Description": "A Phase III, Randomized, Open-label, Multicenter Study Comparing GW572016 and Capecitabine (XELODA) versus Capecitabine in Women with Refractory Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer" },{ "PostingID": 4151, "Title": "NOVARTIS-EGF20008", "Description": "An Open-Label, Multicenter, Single Arm Phase II Study of Oral GW572016 as Single Agent Therapy in Subjects with Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer Who Have Progressed While Receiving HERCEPTIN-Containing Regimens" },{ "PostingID": 4154, "Title": "NOVARTIS-EGF104900", "Description": "A Randomized, Multicenter, Open-Label, Phase III Study of Lapatinib in Combination with Trastuzumab versus Lapatinib Monotherapy in Subjects with HER2-positive Metastatic Breast Cancer whose disease has progressed on Trastuzumab-Containing Regimens" },{ "PostingID": 4155, "Title": "NOVARTIS-EGF30001", "Description": "A Randomized, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, 2-Arm, Phase III Study of Oral GW572016 in Combination with Paclitaxel in Subjects Previously Untreated or Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer" },{ "PostingID": 4335, "Title": "ROCHE-WO20697", "Description": "A randomized, open label study to compare the complete pathological response rate achieved with 4 combinations of Herceptin, docetaxel and pertuzumab in patients with locally advanced, inflammatory or early stage HER2 positive breast cancer" },{ "PostingID": 4336, "Title": "*ROCHE-BO22280", "Description": "A randomized study to evaluate pertuzumab in combination with trastuzumab given either concomitantly or sequentially with standard anthracycline based chemotherapy or concomitantly with a non-anthracycline based chemotherapy, as neoadjuvant therapy for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer.

Medicine: Pertuzumab, Condition: malignant neoplasm of breast, Phase: 2, Clinical Study ID: BO22280, Sponsor: Roche" },{ "PostingID": 4541, "Title": "LILLY-I4T-MC-JVBB", "Description": "A Randomized, Double-Blind, Multicenter Phase 3 Study of Irinotecan, Folinic Acid, and 5-Fluorouracil (FOLFIRI) Plus Ramucirumab or Placebo in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma Progressive During or Following First-Line Combination Therapy With Bevacizumab, Oxaliplatin, and a Fluoropyrimidine (RAISE)" },{ "PostingID": 4550, "Title": "ROCHE-BO22589", "Description": "A Study of Trastuzumab-DM1 Plus Pertuzumab Versus Trastuzumab [Herceptin] Plus a Taxane in Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer" },{ "PostingID": 4551, "Title": "ROCHE-BO25734", "Description": "A Phase III Randomized, Multicenter, Two Arm, Open-label Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of Trastuzumab Emtansine Compared With Treatment of Physician's Choice in Patients With HER2-positive Metastatic Breast Cancer Who Have Received at Least Two Prior Regimens of HER2 Directed Therapy" }]

Statistical Analysis Plan


https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2019.00789/full
Lim, H.H., Hopkins, A.M., Rowland, A. et al. Targ Oncol (2019) 14: 743. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11523-019-00683-z